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Tunisia is located in North Africa, bordering the Mediterranean sea, Algeria and Libya. There are mountains in the north, a hot, dry central plain, and deserts in the south. The summers are usually hot and dry, while winters are mild and rainy. Current environmental problems include, ineffective toxic and hazardous waste disposal that often poses health risks; water pollution from raw sewage; limited natural fresh water resources; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; and desertification. The main natural resources of Tunisia are, petroleum, phosphates, iron ore, lead, zinc, and salt. The population is 10,327,800, and the major ethnic groups are Arab-Berber and and European. The main religion is Muslim and the official language is Arabic, while french is also spoken in many parts of Tunisia. Tunisia is a leader of the Arab world for the rights of women and children. Because of laws and reforms women have the ability to own their own businesses and hold jobs in the government. There is also a reform that said required girls to go to school. Tunisia is a republic, with a presidential system run by one political party. Their current president is Zine El Abidine Ben Ali and has been in office since 1987.The president is selected on 5 year terms, and then chooses a prime minister and cabinet. This makes up the main executive branch, there is also a legislative group and a weak judicial branch. There are also regional governments and local administrators throughout the country. Progress towards a more democratic government has been slow. Citizens do not have political freedom as government has put restrictions on the freedom of speech, press and association. Tunisia is starting to have economic troubles as there aren't many jobs available for graduating students and the large amount of unemployed. Tunisia has close relations with Europe but lately import demand of Europe has declined. Tunisia's economy is very diverse, the main factors are are agriculutre, tourism, mining and manufacturing. Tourism provides job opportunities, and brings in a lot of Tunisia's income.